In a groundbreaking move, the North Hertfordshire Museum in the UK has decided to reclassify a Roman Emperor, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, more commonly known as Elagabalus, as a trans woman based on recent research findings.
This revelation, initially reported by the Telegraph, stems from the museum’s discovery in classical texts that Elagabalus had requested to be addressed as ‘lady’ instead of ‘lord.’ In response to this historical revelation, the museum has chosen to adopt she/her pronouns when referring to the emperor.
A spokesperson for the museum emphasized the importance of using identifying pronouns for historical figures, stating that it is “only polite and respectful” to acknowledge and be sensitive to the chosen pronouns of individuals from the past.
Prior to making this announcement, the museum reportedly consulted with Stonewall, an LGBTQ+ charity, to ensure that their displays, publicity, and talks are as inclusive and up-to-date as possible.
The North Hertfordshire Museum holds one coin featuring Elagabalus, often displayed alongside other LGBTQ+ items in its extensive collection. Keith Hoskins, a Liberal Democrat councillor at North Herts Council, underscored the museum’s commitment to sensitivity, noting that Elagabalus explicitly identified as a woman and specified the pronouns to be used.
Historically, Elagabalus was known for sexual promiscuity and garnered controversy during his time. Some historians argue that accounts of feminine behavior exhibited by Elagabalus may have been attempts at character assassination, as such behavior would not have been socially acceptable for a man during that era.
According to Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, a Cambridge classics professor, the Romans did not conceptualize ‘trans’ as a category. However, accusations of engaging in sexual behavior “as a woman” were considered severe insults against men. Prof Christian Laes from the University of Manchester added that individuals perceived as transgressors of sexual norms were often scapegoated, especially in times of trouble and crisis.
Elagabalus ruled the Roman Empire for a brief four years, from 218 AD to 222 AD, and was assassinated at the age of 18. The museum’s decision to reclassify Elagabalus and use she/her pronouns reflects a growing awareness of the importance of acknowledging diverse gender identities and expressions throughout history.
